Description Ammonia is present in variable concentrations in many surface and groundwater supplies. It is rapidly oxidized by certain bacteria in natural water systems to...
Description Ammonia is present in variable concentrations in many surface and groundwater supplies. It is rapidly oxidized by certain bacteria in natural water systems to...
Description Arsenic in drinking-water is a hazard to human health. The main source of arsenic in drinking-water is arsenic-rich rocks through which the water has...
Description Bromine substances are disinfectants and can be used as an alternative for chlorine. In swimming pools and bromine is used against the formation and...
Description Calcium hardness is caused by the presence of calcium ions in the water. Calcium salts can be readily precipitated from water and high levels...
Description Calcium hardness is caused by the presence of calcium ions in the water. Calcium salts can be readily precipitated from water and high levels...
Description Carbon dioxide can react with water to form carbonic acid (h2co3). Carbonic acid will cause corrosion in steam and return lines. Carbon dioxide can...
Description Chloride ions are one of the major inorganic anions in water and wastewater. Although high concentrations of chloride in water are not known to...
Description Chromate is produced in pickling and plating operations anodizing aluminium leather tanning manufacturing of paints dyes and explosives. Chromate is used to inhibit corrosion...
Description Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is defined as the amount of a specific oxidant that reacts with the sample under controlled conditions. The quantities of...
Description D.O. is essential for the aquatic plant and animal life. DO is detrimental in boiler systems because it leads to corrosion in boiler systems....
Description Fluoride occurs naturally in all types of water. Typically surface waters and sea waters have low concentration of fluoride while groundwater may contain high...
Description Fluoride occurs naturally in all types of water. Typically surface waters and sea waters have low concentration of fluoride while groundwater may contain high...
Chlorine is the most widely used oxidizing biocide today for disinfection of domestic water supplies as also for the removal of tastes and odours from...
Description Chlorine is the most widely used oxidizing biocide today for disinfection of domestic water supplies as also for the removal of tastes and odours...
Hydrazine is used as an oxygen scavenger for high-pressure boilers in power plants and other industries to reduce the corrosion of metal pipes and fittings....
The corrosiveness of process water due to hydrogen peroxide depends on the amount of dissolved oxygen that is produced. Oxygen corrodes iron-containing metals. Hydrogen peroxide...
Hydrogen sulfide occurs naturally in sulfur springs, swamps and salt marshes, and is often associated with the decomposition of organic material. H2S has a characteristic...
Description Hydrogen sulfide occurs naturally in sulfur springs, swamps and salt marshes, and is often associated with the decomposition of organic material. H2S has a...
Description Iodine is present in natural sea water and this iodine occurs as several different species including iodide and iodate and molecular iodine and hypoiodite....
Description Iron is a naturally occurring mineral found in water especially groundwater which has come in contact with iron-containing rock or soil. Insoluble iron can...
Description Iron is a naturally occurring mineral found in water especially groundwater which has come in contact with iron-containing rock or soil. Insoluble iron can...
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